Synodontis notatus

Synodontis notatus, commonly known as the one-spot squeaker or domino syno, is a captivating species of upside-down catfish hailing from the rich waters of the Congo Basin in Central Africa. Initially described in 1893 by French zoologist Léon Vaillant, this species is renowned for its distinctive appearance and intriguing behavior. The name 'notatus' derives from the Latin word for 'marked', which aptly describes the singular dark spot on its otherwise light body. This feature sets it apart from other members of the Synodontis genus and makes it a desirable addition to freshwater aquariums.

In terms of appearance, Synodontis notatus exhibits a streamlined body that can reach lengths of up to 15 cm. Its coloration is typically a pale tan or cream with a notable black spot, while the fins are often translucent with flecks of black. These catfish have a unique way of swimming — they are known for their upside-down orientation, which they adopt not only for feeding but also as a means of navigating their environment. This behavior is both intriguing for aquarists and beneficial in the wild, as it helps them evade predators while foraging for food.

The natural habitat of Synodontis notatus includes slow-moving waters, swamps, and floodplains, where they can find ample hiding spots among submerged vegetation and driftwood. This species is primarily nocturnal, becoming more active during the night when it ventures out to forage. In the wild, they primarily consume detritus, small invertebrates, and algae, making them key players in their ecosystem.

Socially, Synodontis notatus is generally peaceful and can be kept in community tanks with other non-aggressive fish. Its unique behavior and striking appearance make it an attractive choice for both novice and experienced aquarists, as well as a popular export item for wholesalers and retailers alike.

To ensure the well-being of Synodontis notatus, maintaining optimal water conditions is crucial. This species thrives in slightly acidic to neutral pH levels ranging from 6.5 to 7.5 and prefers water temperatures between 24°C and 28°C. A minimum tank size of 100 liters is recommended to provide ample swimming space and hiding spots. The tank should be furnished with plenty of plants, rocks, and driftwood to mimic its natural habitat and offer security.

Feeding Synodontis notatus is straightforward, as they are omnivores. A varied diet including high-quality pellets, frozen or live foods such as bloodworms, and vegetable matter will keep them healthy and thriving. It's essential to avoid overfeeding to prevent water quality issues. This species is generally compatible with other peaceful fish, but care should be taken to avoid overly aggressive species that may stress them.

Acclimation should be conducted slowly to minimize stress, ideally over several hours. Quarantine new arrivals for at least two weeks to prevent potential health issues from affecting established tank mates. Regular water changes and monitoring of water parameters will help maintain a healthy environment for Synodontis notatus.

Synodontis notatus is suitable for shipping, provided that proper care is taken during the process. Packing density should not exceed 1 fish per liter to minimize stress. The ideal shipping temperature is between 24°C and 28°C, as this species is sensitive to temperature fluctuations. There are no CITES restrictions on this species, but all international shipping regulations must be followed.